Original Title: Mumuxili Instrument: Talk about Rotary Evaporation in Detail, Come and See! Rotary evaporator, also known as rotary evaporator, is mainly used in the pretreatment process of food, environment and other samples. Its main function is to concentrate and convert the solvent. It is mainly composed of a motor, a distillation flask, a heating pot, a condenser tube and other parts of the common laboratory equipment. Take a deep look at this little cutie with sister Xiaoxi. Basic structure and principle The working principle of rotary evaporation is simply to make the distillation flask rotate at a constant speed at the most appropriate speed through motor control to increase the evaporation area, and at the same time, to make the evaporation flask in a negative pressure state through vacuum pump pumping to reduce the boiling point of the solution and accelerate the evaporation rate. Vacuum evaporators are used as a means of evaporation, because lowering the pressure above the liquid will lower the boiling point of the component liquid, thus speeding up the evaporation rate to a certain extent. The evaporation bottle is arranged in the water bath kettle to be heated at constant temperature while rotating, and the solution in the bottle is heated, diffused and evaporated under the condition of negative pressure in the rotating bottle. The evaporation system can be sealed and decompressed to 400 to 600 millimeters of mercury, the solvent in the distillation flask is heated by a heating bath, the heating temperature can be close to the boiling point of the solvent, meanwhile, the solvent can be rotated at a speed of 50 to 160 revolutions per minute to form a film to increase the evaporation area, and in addition, the hot vapor can be quickly liquefied under the action of a high-efficiency condenser tube to accelerate the distillation rate. Typically in rotary evaporation applications, the constituent liquid of interest is the study solvent that one wishes to remove from the sample after extraction, for example after a step in natural product isolation or organic synthesis, where the liquid solvent can be removed without undue heating of the often complex and sensitive solvent mixture. Rotary evaporation is most commonly and conveniently used to separate "low-boiling" solvents such as n-hexane or ethyl acetate from compounds that are solid at room temperature and pressure. However, if there is minimal co-evaporation (azeotropic behavior), and sufficient difference in boiling points at the selected temperature and reduced pressure, careful application also allows the solvent to be removed from the sample containing the liquid compound. Main components of rotary evaporation 1. Rotate the motor to drive the evaporation bottle. 2. Evaporation pipe, the support shaft for the rotation of the evaporation bottle, and the vacuum-sealed pipe for extracting steam from the material. 3, vacuum system, reduce the pressure in the evaporator system, reduce the boiling point of materials. 4. Water or oil is often used to heat materials in the heating bath. 5. Condenser. In order to speed up the condensation efficiency, it is usually made into a double-snake encircling type, and then a condensing agent such as dry ice and acetone is added to condense the sample. Expand the full text 6. The condensate collection bottle at the bottom of the condenser is used to capture the distillation solvent after recondensation and collect the sample. 7. Lifting device, a mechanical or motorized mechanism that can quickly lift the evaporation bottle from the heating bath. The Development of Rotary Evaporator 1. Wool condenser Ancient Greek sailors noticed the condensation of mist droplets on the sails, and sailors put wool over a heated pot to obtain fresh water, which was later called wool condenser. 2. The study of Aristotle In 350 BC in ancient Greece, Aristotle studied the principles of distillation and condensation, and discovered the important law of water circulation in nature. "By distilling water into steam and then into liquid, sea water can be turned into drinkable water.". 3. The study of alchemists In the 2nd century AD, alchemists developed the earliest copper distillation device, the "distillation pot". 4. Appearance of vacuum distillation In the 17th century, Robert Boyle, an Irish physicist, carried out the first revolutionary vacuum distillation, which proved the relationship between pressure and boiling point, and the distillation speed was greatly improved. 5. Rotating distillation flask and commercial rotary evaporator In the 1950s,cbd centrifugal extractor, scientists C. C. Draig and M. E. Volk proposed the concept of rotating flask to achieve better mixing and larger area heating of samples. At the same time, the earliest commercial rotary evaporator was born. 6. The Age of Intelligent Rotary Steaming In the 21st century, the wave of artificial intelligence has swept the world. With the continuous advancement of laboratory automation, intelligent rotary steaming has become the standard of modern laboratories. Maintenance knowledge of rotary evaporator 1. Carefully check the instrument before use to see whether the glass bottle is damaged and whether the interfaces are matched. Handle with care. 2. Wipe each interface with a soft cloth (napkin can be used instead), and then apply a little vacuum grease. Vacuum grease must be covered after use to prevent dust and sand from entering. 3. Each interface shall not be tightened too tightly, and shall be loosened and loosened regularly, so as to avoid seizure of the connector caused by long-term locking. 4. Turn on the power switch first, and then let the machine run from slow to fast. When the machine is stopped, the machine should be in a stop state, and then turn off the switch. 5. The Teflon switches at all places shall not be tightened with excessive force, which is easy to damage the glass. 6. After each use, all kinds of oil stains, stains and solvent residues left on the surface of the machine must be wiped with a soft cloth to keep them clean. 7. Loosen each PTFE switch after shutdown. The PTFE piston will be deformed if it is still in the working state for a long time. 8. Regularly clean the seal ring by removing the seal ring, checking whether there is dirt on the shaft, wiping it with a soft cloth, applying a little vacuum grease,wiped film evaporator, and reinstalling it to keep the shaft and seal ring smooth. 9. The electrical part shall be free of water and moisture. 10. Before maintenance, please turn off the power switch and disconnect the power cord from the power supply. 11. The maintenance of internal electric control components and heating components must be operated by professionals or professional electricians. 12. When cleaning the site, do not directly pour water on the product or use grinding powder, thinner, petroleum, kerosene, acidic substances and similar substances, otherwise it will cause electric shock and other accidents. How to Choose a Rotary Evaporator Before choosing a rotary evaporator, it is nece